| (1) The U. S. Zone mark
was used 1945-49 when Germany was occupied by the United States just after World War
II (page
234 of Kovel's). (2) It is unclear when the
red crown mark was actually put into use. Even Rontgen in his book of marks, leaves
the beginning date blank. I now believe that versions of it definitely
go back to the 1930's and possibly used
as early as 1918 with only the words Schumann Bavaria (refer back to my introductory comments above
as well as my table of patterns below). Also refer
Footnotes 2B, 2C, 11, 22, 29. I also believe it probably ended
around 1960.
(2A) This is the first evidence I have of the word
Arzberg being a part of the
old blue marks. Thanks to
Elsa Poitras of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, who
contributed this mark. I amthinking the beginning date of these
particular marks based on information I've received and reported in
Footnote 64 below.
(2B) Dresdner Art China and Schumann
Bavaria were brand names used by the Schumann China
Corporation in the 1930's in America for marketing
wares from the Schumann factory (Source: Page 280 of
China and Glass in America 1880-1980
by Dallas Museum of Art).
(2C) This particular red crown mark is from a set of
Schumann Empress purchased from someone whose parents received them as a wedding
present in 1957 (family history).
We assume they were new at that time. Although they do not have the
blue importer's E & R mark which was used
beginning in 1954, nor do they have a
U. S. Zone mark (1945-49),
they still could have been been imported to the U. S. through
E & R. They
were most likely manufactured and imported between 1950
and 1953 (after the U. S.
Zone and before the E & R blue shield mark (a
below) and remained in a store inventory until purchased in
1957. A helpful clue is a 1951
E & R ad which introduced their NEW footed and flared
Empress cup. This 1957
wedding gift Empress set has these
NEW footed and flared cups; therefore
this set would be no older than 1950 and probably no
newer than 1953. Read (b)
and (c) below for other possible options
as to how this set may have entered the U. S.
In summary, ways Schumann dishes (and
no doubt this particular set) entered the U.S.
were:
(a) Through the
importer Ebeling and Reuss.
We have some old E & R ads
showing that E & R was importing
U. S. Zone Schumann into the U.
S. as early as 1948. We
don't know what mark, if any, they were using at that time. Any china
marked U. S. Zone are dated to
the years of 1945-49 when Bavaria
Germany was occupied by the U. S. military just after World War II; or
(b) Military personnel purchasing them in Germany and bringing/sending them back
home after the war. Through the Department of Commerce, a special
division called U. S. Commercial Company (USCC) was
created specifically for the purpose of exporting 50%
of the porcelain production of Germany. The U. S. was the primary
consumer of that 50% (perhaps imported by
E &R(a). The remaining 50% of Germany's porcelain
production was divided between the U. S. Military PX's (25%)** and the German citizens (25%). (Source:
"China and Glass in America, 1880-1980,
From Tabletop to TV Tray"
by the
Dallas Museum of Art, page 231).
**The Military PX purchases would have bypassed the importer E &
R.; or
(c)
Individuals traveling to Germany on their own, especially during the
1950's, purchasing directly from the factory, and bringing them back
home, thereby bypassing U. S. importers and retailers; or
(d) Europeans
moving from Europe to the U. S. and bringing with them their family Schumann
china, which would not have an importer's mark and most
likely not a pattern name; we believe E & R, the
importer , added the pattern names to their U.S. imports.
(e) Schumann China
Corporation during the 1930's.
Prior to World War II, Schumann set up the Schumann China Corporation in New
York City for the purpose of importing and distributing Schumann
products to the U. S. According to page 280 of the
DMA book,
China and Glass in America, 1880-1980, From Tabletop to TV Tray,
they sold under two brand names -- Dresdner Art
China and Schumann Bavaria. These German imports
to the U.S. ceased, of course, with the beginning of World War II.
(2D) The wording with this red crown mark is different from the others because it
says W. Germany, rather than just Germany, which dates it to
no
earlier than late 1949 when West Germany was established.
However, the blue E & R crown mark takes it to
1954.
(3) The blue E & R
importer's mark was used beginning as
early as 1954 (based on an old brochure). I believe the pattern names that are in a
different style than the other words in the marks were probably added by
E &
R when they added their blue mark. Did
E & R give them their
pattern names??? Based on further study about
E & R, (DMA
book, page 289), E & R dropped
many of its European lines in 1976
because of economic issues in Europe, as well as within
E & R itself. We are
therefore adjusting our dates accordingly and assume any Schumann with this
mark is 1976 or earlier, although
actual distribution to the public might not have occurred until much later,
as inferred in 3A below.
(3A) The Forget-Me-Not
Chalet (reticulated version of
FMN) appears to have ceased sometime
between 1962 and 1965, based on some old E & R
brochures. The non-reticulated version of
FMN still existed "new in shops" as late as
1980, based on
information recently received (see footnote 38 below).
Also see footnote 21 for an interesting
FMN story.
(4) It appears as though
these particular black and green versions of the crown mark were
used as early as the 1950's and into the 1960's and 1970's
(information from original owners and family histories).
Unsure
if they were used into the 1980's.
(5) West Germany existed from
1949 until 1990
at which
time Germany was
reunited. This mark appears to be a newer mark used closer to the
1990
date, so I'm assuming this was their mark for the decade of the 1980's.
(6) This mark was apparently one used in the last
years of the Schumann factory which closed in 1994.
This closing date has been verified by way of
Hans Christian Walter who communicated with a very helpful
source in Arzberg, who in turn talked to the Archivist of the Arzberg City
Hall.
"Thank you
Chris."
(7) Rainer Swiderski in Hamburg, Germany,
has been a tremendous source of information and has graciously and generously
contributed extensive photographs of his own Schumann collection, including
the marks shown above for this footnote which we are using with his permission. He also traveled to
Arzberg
and saw
first-hand the closed Schumann factory and took extensive photographs which
he has so graciously sent to us for our use in this project. Click
here to see the special page we have created
for Rainer to display his photography of the Schumann factory and his
personal Schumann collection. "Thank
you, Rainer."
(8) Shellie Tipton in Verona, Kentucky, has
very graciously sent us pictures of one of her beautiful
Schumann Garland plates
and their marks and has granted us permission to use them in our tables
of marks and patterns. "Thank you, Shellie."
(9) Colleen Kagele in Ritzville, Washington,
an ebay seller, has graciously granted us permission to use her picture of
this mark. Click here for the link to her
ebay auctions. "Thank you, Colleen."
(9A) Anonymous Contributor sent this mark
which is just like Colleen's above, except for the pattern name
"Bouquet."
(10) Kathy Vallee in Lowell, Indiana, has
very graciously sent us pictures of her Moon Rose pattern and marks and has
granted us permission to use them in our table of marks and patterns.
"Thank you, Kathy."
(11) Kenny
Sugarman in Douglas, Arizona, submitted pictures an old portrait
plate and its mark and granted us permission to use them in our table of
marks and patterns. The plate (see pattern table below) was
handed down to him from his father; Kenny's father received the plate
directly from an aunt and uncle who told him they were given the plate as a
wedding gift; he believes with reasonable certainty that they were married
around
1918 and is basing that on the age of their oldest child.
This plate has the
red crown mark
and is
the first evidence we've found that a version of the red crown mark was
possibly used
that early. "Thank you, Kenny, and please thank your father for
this valuable information."
(11A) In support of Kenny's
information above, Barb VanderRoest of Amherst Nova
Scotia Canada, also has a beautiful portrait plate (shown
below in our table of patterns) similar to Kenny's and with the
same
red crown mark with
only the words "Schumann Bavaria." It is the surviving
plate of a pair that originally belonged to her grandmother in Nova Scotia.
Barb's mother, born in 1920,
remembers the plates as a very young child. She was told that she
broke the second plate when she was a toddler.
Barb, thanks for being willing to share such interesting and
helpful information!!
(12) Brian Beach in Laguna Niguel,
California, submitted pictures of this mark and a rose pattern purchased by his mother in
the 1950's, possibly from an antique shop and granted us permission to use
them in our table of marks and patterns. "Thank you, Brian."
(12A) Shelley Lawson (location unknown),
shared with me information about her grandparents who were married in the
1930's. They owned a set of Schumann china marked with the green
version of the old shield mark. She said she didn't know when they
acquired the china, but based on the mark it was most likely post-war
1940's-1950's.
"Thanks, Shelley."
(12B) Stephen and Susan B. in Pittsford, New York,
shared with us that Stephen's father shipped a set of Schumann with
this mark to his wife in Logan, Ohio, in 1944
while he was serving in Germany in World War II. This further confirms
our dating of this mark to pre-1945.
(13) Dea Savitzky in Great Neck, New
York,
submitted pictures of these marks and her dishes (see pattern table
below) that were given to her in 1946
as a wedding gift from a relative
who served in World War II and bought the dishes
new while in Germany after
the war. Though purchased in 1946,
they were probably actually manufactured
a few years earlier.
"Thank you, Dea, for sharing your story and allowing us to use your
pictures. Thanks also for researching and identifying the blue flower
on your dishes."
(14) Barbara Steffens in Benton City,
Washington, submitted pictures of this mark and her floral vase (see pattern table below) and granted us permission to use her pictures.
"Thank you, Barbara."
(15) Jennifer Babb in Virginia Beach,
Virginia, submitted pictures of this mark and of her
Platinum Elegance
set she
inherited from her parents. Included with the set was an
old E & R pamphlet dated
1954 which included the Platinum Elegance pattern.
She said her parents began purchasing this pattern in the
1950's.
(16) Anonymous Contributor who purchased a
new set of dishes (see pattern table below) in
1994 with this mark. Her information has helped
to confirm that this was one of the last marks used by the Schumann factory
before it closed in 1994. The dishes would most likely have actually
been manufactured prior to 1994 for them to have had time to make
their way to the retail market.
(17) Christine and Jim Battle in Putnam
County, New York, submitted this mark to us which is on a beautiful cake
plate (see pattern table below) they found at a recent sale in their
area. "Thanks Chris and Jim."
(17A) Gale Dulian in Wadsworth, Illinois, submitted pictures
of this same mark on dishes her
Dad purchased directly from the factory in 1946 for his
mother. Although purchased new in 1946, they may have actually
been manufactured much earlier and just not put on the market until after
the war.
(17B)
Anonymous Contributor in Lemgo, Germany
has provided family history that dates this particular mark back to
1941 when her grandparents were married. See pattern
table below for the coffee pot on which it is found; be sure to also read
the related interesting family history.
(18) Ivan Rasskazov in Torrance,
California, submitted this mark which is on a hand painted plate he found
at a sale. It is a whiteware mark used on blanks
for decoration by outside artists. Scroll to the very end of this page
for our table of "Hand Painted Wares on Schumann Blanks" and
pictures of this beautiful plate.
(18B) Joyce Sagurski in Omaha, Nebraska,
submitted this mark found on a pair of signed and hand painted plates she
found at an estate sale in her area. Scroll to the very end of this
page for our table of "Hand Painted Wares on Schumann Blanks"
and pictures of these beautiful plates.
(19) Osman Ciloglu in Turkey submitted this mark which is on a set of portrait plates (see
pattern table below) he inherited from his grandmother who received them as a wedding
gift probably in the late 1940's.
We think it might be more likely around
1950 based on the mark.
(20) Blanche Kevlin in Dallas, Texas,
a good friend of ours, contributed pictures of two plates and their marks
from her Schumann collection. The marks are unusual, as are the shapes
of the plates (see pattern table below).
(20A) Harran's "Collectible Cups and Saucers, Book
III", page 352, dates this red mark to
1932. I'm assuming
that all versions of this particular style are also 1932 or at least 1930's
and possibly through 1941, based on the Royal Dresdener Art marks dated to
those years.
(21) Madeleine in Virginia has a set
of the Forget-Me-Not pattern and shared her family story with us.
Along with the set, she has an original receipt dated November 14,
1963, for six FMN dinner plates and six salad plates.
Madeleine's mother told her that her grandmother had won six complete
settings of the FMN in a card game and then ordered the additional pieces as
evidenced by the receipt and other paperwork from a china shop in Fairfax,
Virginia. The additional pieces were obviously purchased new and are
still in perfect condition. She said the dishes had been wrapped
in newspaper since her grandmother passed away in 1967. Original
receipts are most unusual and a prime example of invaluable documentation.
Remember, everyone, keep those receipts for those who follow in your
footsteps and document as much family history as possible.
"Madeleine, thanks for sharing your story and for faxing me copies of your
receipt and other paperwork."
(22) Dmitry Livshits in Brooklyn, New
York, contributed pictures of a set of dishes with this particular
red crown mark with only
the words Schumann Arzberg Germany. The
dishes originally belonged to a
lady who fled Nazi Germany in the 1930's and brought the dishes with her
to the USA
at that time. Dimitry has the dishes which are still in their original
packing and cases as they were when shipped and were marked as being
"Dairy." "Dmitry, thanks for such an interesting story."
(22A)
We
also heard from a lady who has some Schumann
Wild Rose Blush pieces with the
red crown mark
and only the words Wild Rose and
Schumann
Arzberg Germany.
They were given to her in 1983 by a client who was then in her 80's and
said they were from
pre-war Germany and that she inherited them
from her mother who was from Germany. This helps to further verify
the older age of the red crown mark.
(22B) G.L. of Kansas City, Missouri,
has provided pictures and information that indicate that this same
red crown mark
with only the words Schumann Arzberg Germany
was possibly still being used in
1959.
This particular mark is on a set of dishes purchased
brand new by G.L.'s father when he was in the U. S.
Army in the late 1950's
and stationed in Amberg, Bavaria, Germany. He made the
purchase from the European Exchange (Military PX). As
for the time frame for this particular red mark, the other option is that
these dishes were old inventory by the time they were purchased in 1959
(manufactured years earlier) and just not sold until 1959.
This
link,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amberg has some interesting
information about Amberg and mentions that it was home to
Pond Barracks, a United States Army Base. See the table of
patterns below for G.L.'s pictures. Notice that the mark on
these dishes does not include the blue E & R
importer's mark since they were purchased directly in Germany
by the consumer and shipped to the USA, thereby bypassing the importing
company.
(22C) Yet more military documentation about this
particular red crown mark is from
Mary Hoffman in New York who has a set of
Schumann Moon Rose that was
purchased for her by her cousin who was in the U. S. Army and
stationed in Germany in 1959.
Her set is a mixed set of red
mark versions -- this version with only the words
Schumann Arzberg Germany, as well
as the version shown in
Red Crown Marks, Group V
above and discussed in Footnote 60 below.
The mixture of marks is further indication of older inventory having been
carried forward from previous manufacturing years and mixed with newer
inventory in order to make a complete set. Also of interest is that
although her set is clearly the Moon Rose
pattern, the pattern name is not present, which is further evidence that the
pattern names were added by the importer E & R.
Clearly E & R was
not involved in bringing this set into the U.S. since it entered by way
of the military.
(23) Ignez in Key Biscayne, Florida,
contributed this
mark which is dated exactly between the years 1931-1941
(Source: Rontgen's
Marks on German, Bohemian, and Austrian Porcelain,
pages 171 and 456)
and was used by the Schumann China Corporation
of New York City who was the U. S. distributor of Carl Schumann products
between the years of 1931-1941. "Thank you, Ignez."
(24) John and Pat Murray in Brockville,
Ontario, Canada, contributed these two marks which are on a set of
Bridal
Rose dishes they purchased from a fine china shop in Brockville in
1967 when they were married. The red copyright notice in the mark
indicates that the pattern was possibly copyrighted in 1960.
"Thank you John and Pat for your generosity in sharing this information."
(25) S. L. in Baltimore, Maryland,
contributed this mark which is on a vase with a Violet pattern. The
style of the word Germany makes this mark unique from the others. See
pattern table below for a picture of S. L.'s vase.
(26) C.D. in California contributed this whiteware mark found on hand painted china signed and dated
1969 by a lady
in Whittier, California. See examples of these beautiful pieces
on our Q & A page.
(27) Thelma Huttner in Strongsville, Ohio,
contributed this mark which is on a large set of
Briar Rose Dishes that were
found in her husband's aunt's attic. They were found in beautiful and
perfect condition.
(28) Carolyn Markie in Virginia contributed
this mark which is on a set of beautiful figural paneled dishes in assorted
colors of blue, pink, green, and yellow. Carolyn purchased them from
the estate of a lady who was born in 1900, was an only child, and possibly
inherited them from her mother. See pattern table below for
pictures of these beautiful dishes.
(29) D. Kadar in Long Island, New York,
contributed this mark found on a Wild Rose Blush compote she recently
received as a gift. It is yet another version of the
red crown mark.
(30) Lynne Pasquale in Cascade, Montana,
contributed these green marks found on a set of dishes that her grandmother
passed on to her mother at the time of her mother's marriage in
1942.
The dishes had belonged to her grandmother before that, and it is unknown
when they were actually purchased. This is some of the oldest documentation we
have of the green crown decorating mark.
(31) Mary Gavin in La Canada, California,
contributed these marks from a beautiful set of Schumann Dresdner Art China
"Betsy Ross" dishes. See pattern table below for pictures of these
beautiful dishes.
(32) CICO is
for CICO China, a decorating
studio. We've found another
CICO mark
paired with a green Schumann U. S. Zone mark,
(33) Pat T. in Atlanta, Georgia,
contributed a mark exactly like this one from a set of Schumann she purchased brand new in a
shop in Rudesheim, West Germany, in the late 1980's.
Her information is additional confirmation of the use of this mark in
the 1980's. W-Germany remained in existence until 1990
when Germany was reunited.
(34) J.R. in Atlanta, Georgia, contributed
this mark from her set of Platinum Glow that she inherited from her
mother-in-law. Although her mother-in-law purchased them "new" in the
late 1980's from a jewelry store in South Carolina, we believe they had been
in stock in that store for quite sometime. Based on family history we
have from another contributor, it appears that this pattern
ceased production somewhere in the
mid-1950's (see pattern table below for more
details).
(35) C.S. in North Carolina,
contributed this green mark which is the oldest one to come to us so far, and we
are pleased to have received it. It is found on some old
luncheon plates decorated with the Dresden Flowers (see pattern table
below). It is dated as having been in use
1900-1927
(Source: Keramik-Marken
Lexikon 1885-1935
by Dieter Zuhlsdorff, page 273).
We, however, believe it could possibly be
pre-1900. Also, we're not sure which Schumann the
C is for.
Read on---
This mark is either (1) a very early mark for
Carl (the factory was named for him in 1892); or
(2) possibly for Christiana, the Mother, who
ran the factory from 1884 to 1896; or (3) perhaps
Christian Heinrich Schumann, the Father and
founder of the factory in 1881; or (4) possibly for
Christopher who was Carl's brother and who who founded
a totally different and separate factory (1887-1991) from
Carl's. Read on-----
I see this mark quite frequently identified as being
that of Christopher Schumann but misidentifying
Christopher as being the father of Carl. Christopher WAS NOT
the father of Carl. He was Carl's brother. On the
outside chance that the C in this
mark is for Christopher, it could only be
1887-1891 when Christopher left
the Schumann family factory and started his own factory, also in Arzberg,
but which he sold in 1891 to
Lehman, the founder of what eventually came to be Porcelain
Factory Arberg. It appears as though Christopher's factory may have
been a forerunner of the Porcelain Factory Arzberg. Christopher's
factory and the Porcelain Factory Arzberg were totally separate
from the Carl Schumann Porcelain Factory and should not be confused.
(35A) Stephen Pickover in New York, NY,
also contributed pictures of this oldest green
mark found on some pretty floral plates (see table of patterns
below) that belonged to his great grandmother who came to the USA in the
early 1900's, prior to WW I.
(36) This particular old blue mark
with the crown
top is dated as having been put in use in
1924, but no ending date is given (Source:
Keramik-Marken Lexikon, 1885-1935, by Dieter Zuhlsdorff,
page 276).
(37) Cape May Antiques in Swainton, New Jersey,
granted us permission to use their pictures of this mark and their set of
Empire Rose dishes (see pattern tables below). Their website is
www.capemayantiques.com.
They are also
capemayantiques on ebay.
(38) Mr. and Mrs. Atkins in South Carolina
told us they purchased a brand new set of
Forget-Me-Not from a high-end gift shop in Cape Cod,
Massachusetts, in 1980. This is the first information we
have that the FMN pattern was
still available brand new that late. Purchased new in
1980 would
mean actual manufacturing date for that particular set would have been at
least back into the mid-1970's.
(39) A. in Germany found some dishes
in a thrift shop in Germany where her husband is stationed in the U. S.
Army. They had this Schumann
Echt Cobalt mark. The style of the sugar bowl (see
pattern table below) is a "newer" style used by Schumann, probably
c.1970's.
(40) L.B. in Indiana submitted
pictures of the Cobalt Rose pattern and
its mark (see table of patterns below). An elderly friend of L.B.
purchased a complete and brand new set of this pattern in the
early 1970's from a high-end department store in
Indiana called L. S. Ayers. Notice that this mark is totally different
in style than any of the others. "Thanks to both of you for this
submission." Note: Although
new when purchased in the early 1970's, it is most likely they had been in
the store's inventory for awhile. Based on two old
E & R brochures we have in our
possession, the Cobalt Rose is in
the 1961 brochure, but
missing from the
1966 printing, indicating the
pattern may have ceased production by 1966.
(41) Ray Potter in Houston, Texas, submitted
pictures of his Echt Cobalt
pattern and its mark (see table of patterns below). He
inherited an extensive set from his Mother. The mark on his set is
slightly different from the one referenced in Footnote 39 above. Also,
the style of the sugar bowl is the "older" style, so we have estimated Ray's
dishes to probably be from the 1970's.
(42) Jennifer Gaumond in
Pennsylvania, contributed this mark and the
1932 dated signature
found on a sugar and creamer that was apparently decorated by an independent
artist, possibly an American china painter. This is the oldest
documentation we have so far for this green whiteware mark. Great
documentation -- "Thanks, Jennifer!!" We've added her
pictures to our table of patterns below.
(43) Larry Sears in Bloomington, Illinois,
contributed pictures of a beautiful old fruit plate (see table of
patterns below in the "Fruit" section) with this red
version of the oldest Schumann mark to come our way so far. We assume
it was used in the same time frame as the green
one, c.1900-1927. "Thanks,
Larry." (43A) Dianne Lavenburg in DeSoto, Kansas,
also contributed pictures of this oldest red
version found on some pretty floral plates (see table of patterns
below). "Thanks, Dianne."
(44) Anonymous Contributor in Portland,
Oregon, contributed pictures of a very early Schumann plate with
this old green mark that includes
the words "Dresden Flowers" (see pattern table
below).
(45) Anonymous Contributor in St. Louis, Missouri,
contributed pictures of a child's "Winnie-the-Pooh" bowl which
I believe to be from the 1930's (see pattern table below).
(46) A. in Virginia contributed pictures of
this gold version of the crown
mark found on a tea set belonging to an elderly lady who told her the set was
at least 50 years old, which as of this writing would be
1955 or earlier.
(46A) Suzanne Harris in Glenwood
Springs, Colorado, contributed pictures of this
gold version of the crown mark found on a teacup she
inherited from her grandmother (see pattern table below).
(47) Ruth Hall in Elizabethtown, North
Carolina, contributed pictures of this
gold version of the crown mark found on a teapot that appears
to be the Golden Glow pattern
which was possibly a forerunner of the Golden Elegance pattern. Based
on other information, we believe the Golden Glow
pattern was probably discontinued in the early 1950's.
(48) Carol Sisson in Lompoc, California,
contributed pictures of this brown
version of the crown mark found on an
Echt Cobalt tea set (see pattern table below) which
she found at an estate sale in Santa Maria, California, in approximately
2002. We believe this is probably c.1980's.
(49) Cathy Cain in Harrington, Delaware,
contributed pictures of this mark found on her bowl in the Melrose pattern
(see pattern table below).
(50) Linda Frey in Manchester, New Hampshire,
contributed pictures of this mark found on her dish (see pattern table below)
that originally belonged to her grandmother. She remembers as a
child seeing it on display in her grandmother's dining room in the
early 1950's.
(51) Mrs. Cassels in New Smyrna Beach,
Florida, contributed pictures of this mark found on her plate
(see pattern table below) in an unknown fruit pattern.
(52) Cindy Hill in Oberlin, Ohio,
contributed pictures of this mark found on her set of Wild Rose
(see pattern table below).
(53) Jeanet in Santa Rosa, California,
contributed this old Schumann mark with the unusual additives of the hand
written numbers and hand drawn Dresden mark. We speculate the Dresden
mark was possibly for a decorating studio in Dresden, Germany. Please
e-mail if you can help with interpreting these additives.
(54) I.S. in Denmark, an avid
collector of Schumann, sent me this valuable and interesting information
about the Schumann factory outlet which she learned through her contacts in
Europe.
Although the factory shut down in
1994,
a Schumann
factory outlet stayed open for approximately another 10 years in Arzberg
for the purpose of selling off what was left of the Schumann inventory.
We are told that the outlet finally closed in 2004 or early 2005 -- a sad
final note in the history of this great old porcelain factory "Thanks!!"
She also contributed pictures of her Schumann
Christmas Tea Set and Schumann
Roses plate collection, all of which she purchased in the
1980's (see pattern table below)
from the Swedish firm,
Firkloveren.
Schumann produced some exclusive
product lines for Firkloveren.
(55) RJT in Pennsylvania contributed
this mark found on a Lilac Time
plate belonging to his mother. What makes it different from the other
marks is the style of the pattern name.
(56) We have in our possession an
original box from Schumann which says
100 Jahre Schumann-Tradition. Inside the box is a whiteware plate
(as
pictured on outside of box). The plate has this mark, apparently an anniversary mark
used in 1981, marking their 100 years in business.
(56a) Cat in the UK contributed this
blue version of the
100 year anniversary mark.
(57) Iddan in Israel contributed this
mark found on some cups and plates he received as a gift from the couple who
previously lived where he lives now. The mark is different from the
other examples because of the number 2
on each side of the word Germany.
I don't know the significance of those numbers.
(58) Linda Stoddard in Coatesville, Indiana,
sent pictures of her China Blau
coffee pot which she received from a friend whose mother brought it from
Germany to America in the 1940's.
(59) G. G. Foster in Claremont, California,
has graciously shared with us her family history regarding the
Schumann Empress set she
inherited from her parents. G.'s father purchased the
set for her mother in 1948 upon
the birth of G.'s older brother.
They are marked with the Schumann Red
U. S. Zone mark used
1945-49.
(60) Mary Hoffman in New
York has a set of Schumann Moon Rose
that was purchased for her by her cousin who was in the U.
S. Army and stationed in Germany in
1959. Her set is a mixed
set of red mark versions -- this
version with only the words Bavaria Schumann
Arzberg Germany, as well as the version shown in
Red Crown Marks, Group IV
above and discussed in Footnote 22C
above. The mixture of marks is further indication of older inventory
having been carried forward from previous manufacturing years and mixed with
newer inventory in order to make a complete set. Also of interest is
that although her set is clearly the Moon Rose
pattern, the pattern name is not present, which is further evidence that the
pattern names were added by the importer E & R.
Clearly E & R was
not involved in bringing this set into the U.S. since it entered by way
of the military.
(61) Joyce Noppers in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,
contributed this mark and pictures of her vanity jar which she purchased at an auction (see pattern table
below).
(62) Ted and Pam Coombes in Ketchum,
Oklahoma, contributed pictures of their great find at an antique
mall in St. Louis, Missouri -- a berry bowl set (see
pattern table below) with the old red
and green
CS marks and a handwritten inscription
dated 1914. We are always
thrilled to find dated items -- such great documentation.
(63) Deb and Ken in Gaithersburg, Maryland,
contributed this mark found on a very beautiful cake set (see
pattern table below) that originally belonged to Ken's grandmother.
This mark is slightly different in design from the others, is in black, and
was paired with a green triangular mark that is possibly one of a decorator.
(63A) Carol Winters in Cary, North Carolina,
sent pictures of this mark found on a Dresden Flowers bread basket
originally owned by her mother who was married in 1928 and lived in New York
City where she most likely acquired/received it.
(64) Debbie Bell in Malua Bay, NSW South Coast
of Australia, contributed pictures of a beautiful pair of plates
(see pattern table below) received by her great grandmother
in 1910 as a wedding gift.
The plates have this same mark which is shown in reference books as
beginning in 1918. We think the 1918 date may have been assumed since
that was the year Bavaria received its independence from Germany after World
War I. Knowing that the world wars destroyed many factory records,
1918 is a logical assumption. However, this information from Debbie
sheds new light. Her source is her still living mother who has vivid
memories of her grandparents (Debbie's great grandparents) and is certain
of the family history of ownership and the 1910
date and related wedding gifts. These plates, as well as many
other 1910 wedding gifts have
been handed down from one mother to the next and now to Debbie.
(64A) In going through old e-mails I have filed away, I
discovered another viewer who said she has a set of what came to be
called Chateau Dresden that were
given to her husband's grandparents for their wedding in
1901. That set has this same
older blue mark with Dresden
above and Schumann Bavaria below.
(65) Kristen Clark contributed this mark
found on a beautiful set of Schumann (see pattern table below)
originally owned by her Grandmother. Since Grandmother had several sets
of German china, her son-in-law may have been the source. Kristen
believes he was in the military during (or perhaps just after) the
war and possibly stationed in Germany. This would fit a
c.1950 date or earlier
for the set.
(66) Lee Parmeter in Biloxi,
Mississippi, contributed pictures of a vase (see pattern table
below) he recently inherited from his sister. She and her husband
were stationed in Germany in the late 1950's
and early 1960's. Assuming
they purchased the vase brand new at that time, this is excellent
documentation of the dating of this mark. Lee is a published author
and we are adding this link to his books in appreciation for his
contribution to our Schumann tables: Lee's
Books
(67) NBJ in Chicago, Illinois, contributed
pictures of what is apparently an advertising piece for Schumann with an added
handwritten Ebeling and Reuss. We think this is possibly from
before the
war and that Ebeling & Reuss added their name
after the war when they became the exclusive U. S. importer for
Schumann just after the war ended in 1945. This piece is 10 1/2"
diameter and appears to be in the form of a porcelain trivet.
(68) Janine Smith in Randallstown, Maryland,
sent pictures of her handpainted tea set (see pattern table below) with this
gold mark.
(69) Augie Braun in Steeleville, Illinois,
sent pictures of her beautiful gold plate
decorated by Pickard China of
Chicago. Edgerton
is one of the decorating marks they used
1928-38. The undecorated plate (blank) was made by the
Schumann factory in Germany.
This serves as evidence that this old blue Schumann mark was used as a
whiteware mark. For more information and a picture, see my
Q&A link.
(70) Mary Price in Youngstown, Ohio, sent both of these
pictures as examples of this old blue
crown mark. without any reference to Bavaria or Germany or
any other additives. Others we've heard from regarding the one with
Schumann only have been
Diane Fortune of Manchester, England; Graham Reynolds in Suffolk, England,
and Sandra in Devon, England. "Thanks
to each of you."
(71) The Felsenthals in Memphis, Tennessee,
contributed this mark found on a pair of plates (see pattern table below)
Mr. Felsenthal received from his mother and grandmother. We are
speculating it is probably from the 1940's.
(72) Becky Fielder in Nashville, Tennessee,
contributed this mark found a Sunset Rose
vase (see pattern table below).
(73) D.S. of Columbia, South Carolina,
contributed pictures of a pair of brooches her Dad brought back from Germany
after World War II. This is our first evidence that Schumann made
porcelain jewelry. See the beginning of the pattern table below for
pictures of the brooches.
(74) Tim in Belgium contributed this mark
found on a figural plate (see pattern table below) he found in an old
abandoned farm.
(75) Joseph and Jackie Ann Watkins in
Marietta, Georgia, contributed this mark found on a beautiful
figural bowl (see pattern table below). We believe that
Eleanor was probably a decorating
studio in Bavaria, Germany, in the
1920's-30's.
(76) Carla Furseth in Beaver Dam South/Central
Wisconsin, purchased some Old Schumann
Dresden at an estate auction in the Lake Geneva
area of Southern Wisconsin. Almost everything of any
value at the auction had been purchased from Marshall Field & Company
out of Chicago in the
1920's and 30's. It was very clear where that family
went for the finer things. The Schumann Dresden was packed with brown
felt dividers that were marked "China-Section - Marshall Field and
Company." The china had the old blue Schumann mark dated to
that same era and included the words "Schumann
Bavaria." Click
here for the interesting
History of Marshall Field & Company.
(77) E.G. of Cary, Illinois, inherited a
beautiful set of cranberry and gold Schumann (see pattern table
below) with this gold mark which includes a pattern number.
(78) Betty Siegfort in Central Florida
contributed this mark from a beautiful Wild Rose
charger plate she found on a Sunday afternoon shopping trip to a local
Goodwill store. The older E&R
mark is similar to those used by E&R
prior to World War II. but not the same. Until we find documentation otherwise, we
assume this mark is c. late 1940's-early 1950's,
and possibly the interim mark used after the war and prior to putting the
blue mark into use.
(79) Betty Siegfort in Central Florida
also contributed this mark from another Wild Rose
plate in her collection which has a green Schumann mark overstamped with a
House of Goebel Bavaria West Germany mark. Either Goebel was just
distributing Schumann wares and overstamping with their own mark, or they
were actually decorating Schumann whiteware and then overstamping.
(80) Lydia Schumann in Houston, Texas,
contributed this mark from her White Elegance
tea set she found in an antique shop in her area. She is not
related to the Schumann porcelain factory family.
(81) Kate Eckberg in Appleton, Wisconsin,
contributed this mark found on her Mountain Rose vase.
(82) Dave Steiner in Long Lake, Minnesota,
contributed this mark found on cups and plates in assorted colors and in the
style of c.1950.
(83) Penny Seltzer of Redstone
Arsenal, Alabama, sent these marks from a beautiful set of
Heirloom she inherited from her
grandmother who bought it at an estate auction in 1970 in Pennsylvania.
It originally belonged to a doctor who most likely purchased it brand new in
the late 40's or sometime in the 50's. The set had pieces with
the U. S. Zone mark and the words Schumann
Bavaria, and some pieces with the words
Schumann Germany but without the U. S. Zone
mark. They all had the Schumann red crown
mark. They all also had the added
pattern name.
(84) LBU of Caddo Mills, Texas, sent these
marks found on her Schumann Porzellan-Craquele
vases that her mother found in an East Texas antique shop in the
1980's. Though we originally thought these were older based on the
older style of the mark, I've recently learned that the Schumann factory
produced its Craquele line of
vases in the 1950's, at the
height of the factory's production. The old blue mark was apparently
carried forward as these red versions.
(85) Bruce Hoffman in Hollister, Missouri,
contributed this U. S. Zone mark,
1945-49, which is the
green version of the old blue
mark. This is apparently a whiteware mark and was found on a beautiful
hand painted bowl which you can see in the last section of this page with
the other hand painted wares.
(86) Bruce Hoffman in Hollister, Missouri,
contributed this mark that includes this
green circle
that says Erphila which is
presumably for Ebeling and Reuss
and possibly one of its earliest marks, though not
documented until now as far as we know since we haven't been able to find it
in any of the many books we have. It was found on an old Schumann
creamer and sugar (see pattern table below) dated to
c.1920's or even earlier and is the
first confirmation we have that E & R (Erphila)
was importing Schumann to the U. S. prior to World War II.
(87) Bruce Hoffman in Hollister, Missouri,
contributed this mark from his extensive Schumann collection. It
includes what we assume is a decorating mark. We don't know what the
largeV is and have
seen it used with other German marks --
E-mail if you know.
(88) Jude in Sedona, Arizona, sent
this mark found on a small trinket plate that is decorated with military
emblems. It belonged to her uncle who was a
U. S. Army soldier during
World War II and fought in
Germany, Normandy, and Belgium. They were recognized by
Charles, Prince of Belgium, Regent of the
Kingdom, for two famous battles in
Belgium and were awarded the
Belgium Fourragere in November
1945. Jude thinks this might have been part of that
recognition. It appears that the Schumann
factory must have been commissioned to make these for each
member of her uncle's regiment in honor of that occasion. Click here
for our Q&A of June 1, 2007,
for pictures and more details about this interesting piece.
(89) Elly Centeno in Orlando, Florida,
sent this mark found on a set of dishes she purchased in 1992 from a
couple who said they received them as a wedding gift. The date of
their marriage is unclear. Based on a study of the mark, I believe the
dishes are most likely from the 1950's. The couple lived all of their lives in New
York on Long Island and then retired to Florida where Elly came to know
them.
(90) G. H, of Springfield, Missouri,
sent pictures of a set of dishes that her uncle brought back from Germany in
the late 1940's or early 1950's. The pattern appears to be the
Halo pattern (see pattern tables
below). The set has mixed marks, and we believe it to be from before
the war.
(91) D.A. of Warrensville, North Carolina,
sent pictures of his set of what appears to be in the
Heirloom pattern,
but with this Echt Cobalt mark.
(92) Andrea Grez of Charleston, West Virginia,
sent pictures of a handpainted porcelain brooch with a
gold version of the old blue mark. It also includes
Germany US Zone as part of the
mark and written in the same style and color. Since
US Zone dates to
1945-49, we are now believing
that probably most of the gold
versions of the various Schumann marks are probably after World War
II.
(93) NVB in Massachusetts sent pictures of
her large set of Schumann that her aunt shipped back from Germany right
after WW II. She arrived in Germany in
1946 and worked at the U. S. military base in
Weisbaden and sent the set home
almost immediately. We assume she purchased it brand new from the
military base PX. The mark is a version of the old blue mark, but is
in gold and has an added
FN mark which is unknown to us -- possibly a decorating mark.
Yet another family, Maggie Kurtz of Winston-Salem North
Carolina, tells a similar story about her faher having bought a complete
set of what we have named "Gold Roses" while stationed in
Heidelberg, Germany,
1947-49.
We assume both of these sets were probably wartime or
pre-war production. They both have the same mark with the unidentified
FN mark.
(94) Arthur and Carla Norton in Newtonmore,
Scotland, sent pictures of a plate that has been in Carla's family
as far back as she can remember, at least to the
1950's. Carla and her family are Dutch
and the plate was most likely made for the European market only and
specifically for the Dutch and similar markets, since it is most definitely
in that style. The letters in this Schumann mark are slightly
different from the others because of the flair of the letters.
(95) Carolyn Markie of Virginia contributed
this mark from her Heirloom set.
(96) Joe Moore in St. Louis, Missouri,
contributed pictures of this mark found on a
Bridal Rose Vase that belonged to his grandparents. Joe
lived with her grandparents as a child in Oklahoma City, and the vase sat on
his grandparents mantle for as far back as he can remember (Joe was born in
1953). Joe's grandfather served in the U. S. Navy during both world
wars. The vase, however, is dated to the 1950's based on the 1954 E &R
importers mark.
(97) Tony in Australia recently acquired a
bowl with the older style reticulation, with this particular
red mark, and with
US ZONE added later with a stamp,
inferring a manufacturing time of either during or before the war.
(98) Sandra Davidson in London, England,
sent pictures of this mark found on her fruit plates she received brand new
in 1961. This is the second
Schumann mark I've seen with the added word FOREIGN.
The other one is an old blue mark
from c.1920's which can be
seen earlier in the tables. The only thing I can conclude is that it
infers the item(s) are made for the foreign market outside of Germany.
(99) Brian Robinson in Auckland, New Zealand, sent
pictures of plates with this mark that he purchased from an antique
shop in the 1970's. I am unsure of the age, but have come to
believe the mark is most likely c.1940's-50's.
(100) Richard in Washington, D.C., sent pictures of
his European Blue Trumpet plate
inherited from his mother. It is believed his uncle purchased the
plate on a trip to Germany in the early 1960's.
The style of the plate and the Schumann mark support this belief.
(101) K. S. in Houston, Texas, submitted this mark
that was targeted for the French market. It is on a platter that is
clearly what most of us know as the Empress Dresden pattern. He
recently purchased the platter in an ebay auction.
(102) J.C.H. in the Netherlands submitted this gold
mark on a blue coffee set that originally belonged to her sister. This
posting is in honor and memory of her sister, LSD also of the
Netherlands.
(103) P.S. in Grand Rapids, Michigan, sent this
mark found on a German version of a Forget-Me-Not
pattern. P.S.'s mother received the set from her brother who
served in Germany in World War II.
(104) Christopher Marshall in Dortmund, Germany,
has a very informative website about the history of various porcelain
manufacturers in Germany as well as some of Germany's political history
which is quite interesting. You'll see when you visit his site that he
has a section on Schumann, including many of our photos of Schumann marks
which I was pleased to grant him permission to use on his site. Click here
for the link to his excellent website,
Porcelain Marks
and More. |
